酷我新专辑更新!(179-180附文案)
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本周更新两篇
179 On the Amber Road
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180 A Hidden Danger High above the Earth
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On the Amber Road 琥珀之路
Have you ever seen an orange-colored pendant in which an insect, leaf, or flower is perfectly preserved? If you have, it would most likely be amber. Amber is the common name for a type of wood resin which has been fossilized. The surprisingly well-preserved items were trapped in the amber as it dripped or oozed from trees between 30 and 90 million years ago. The Romans were the first people to come up with the theory, which was later proven, that amber had at one time been in a liquid state.
Along the shores of the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, amber is washed up from the seafloor and collected by searchers who check the shore at ebb tide, use boats, or wade into the water with nets. It is also mined in locations further inland. The coastal Kaliningrad region of Russia is the most prominent amber-producing area, and 90 percent of the worlds amber comes from there. In Lithuania, amber has become an essential part of the economy and culture as a result of the opening of the "Amber Road," which connects Europe with the Mediterranean and Asia.
Amber is prized for its lovely shades of orange and yellow and for the interesting things that can be found within it. Although not mineralized like rubies and diamonds, amber is often looked upon as a gemstone because of its frequent use in jewelry and ornaments. Even in ancient times, amber was highly valued, and has been found in ancient tombs, on relics, and in amulets. It has remained in high demand, often for use in more common items such as pipes and cigar holders.
Though amber was once nothing more than a sticky substance, its popularity seems as solid as its transformed state.
你可曾看过橙色的坠子,里头保存有完整的昆虫、树叶或花朵?如果答案是肯定的,那最有可能是琥珀了。琥珀是一种树脂变成化石后的通称。那些保存得出奇完好的物品,在 3 千万到 9 千万年前被滴下或渗出的树脂包裹住。罗马人是第一个提出琥珀曾经是液态状理论的人,后来也证实的确如此。
在波罗的海和北海沿岸,搜索者在退潮时查看海边,乘着小船或带着捞网涉水而行,收集被海浪冲上岸的琥珀。琥珀的开采也深入较远的内陆地区。俄罗斯的加里宁格勒沿海地区是最著名的琥珀产地,全球 90% 的琥珀都来自此地。在立陶宛,由于连接欧洲和地中海及亚洲的“琥珀之路”开通,琥珀也成为当地经济和文化重要的一环。
琥珀因其美丽的橙黄色泽和所包覆的有趣物质备受珍视。虽然不像红宝石和钻石有着结晶化的表面,琥珀仍因时常作为首饰和装饰品而被当作宝石看待。甚至在远古时期,琥珀一样相当宝贵,在古老的墓室、遗迹和护身符中,都可以看见琥珀的身影。时至今日,琥珀仍因常用于烟斗和雪茄烟嘴等一般用品中而需求广泛。
纵然琥珀的前身只是黏答答的物质,但它的受欢迎程度似乎和它的转化状态一样稳固。
A Hidden Danger High above the Earth
恐高症?不,是高原反应!
When climbing the worlds tallest peaks, mountaineers must worry about many dangers, including falls, rockslides, and animal attacks. However, there is one invisible danger in climbing tall peaks that often gets overlooked: altitude sickness. This condition can strike anyone who ventures into high altitudes, and it can be deadly.
High above sea level, the air is thin and the air pressure is low. These effects increase as elevation increases. Such changes can begin to have a great effect on the human body above approximately 2,400 meters. At this height, the air is too thin to provide sufficient oxygen for many parts of the body. The results are usually a headache, tiredness, and dizziness. Normally, one or two days at this altitude are enough to reduce these symptoms and feel comfortable. These first days of discomfort pose no long-term threat to health.
However, in some cases, more dangerous forms of altitude sickness may occur that can seriously damage the lungs or the brain. These conditions can be fatal if they are not treated rapidly. There are several ways mountain climbers can avoid putting themselves too much at risk for serious altitude sickness. One method is never to climb higher if they are experiencing symptoms of altitude sickness. Serious mountain climbers should always take their time reaching the peaks to allow their bodies to adjust. A common technique climbers use to go higher in extreme conditions is to climb up to a higher destination and then come back down. After doing this a couple of times, they spend the night at a higher altitude. This encourages the body to produce more red blood cells, which is part of its adjustment process.
Mountain climbing is thrilling, and it attracts many adventurers. By being aware of altitude sickness and taking steps to avoid it, anyone can start to explore mountains with minimal discomfort and worry.
登山客在攀登世界最高峰时,必须担心遇到的许多危险,包括失足摔倒、滑坡和遭遇野兽攻击等。然而,攀登高山时常会忽略一个无形的危险,那就是高原反应。任何冒险进入高海拔地区的人皆可能出现这种症状,甚至还会因此送命。
高海拔地区的空气稀薄,气压很低,海拔越高影响越大。这些变化在海拔 2,400 米以上开始对人体产生巨大影响。这个高度的空气太过稀薄,无法供应给人体各部分充足的氧气,常会造成头痛、疲倦和晕眩。正常情况下,在这种高度待上一、两天,症状通常就会减轻,人也会舒服些。前几天的不适并不会对健康造成长久的威胁。
然而,有时候更致命的高原反应会对肺部或脑部造成严重伤害。这种时候若不及时治疗,还可能让人因此丧命。若发生高原反应,攀登者们可利用一些方法让自己的状况不至于太过危险。其中一个方法是如果出现了高原反应的症状,就不要再向上攀登。症状严重的登山家应该慢慢地登顶,让身体得以适应。登山家在极端环境中常用的一个攀登技巧便是,先爬到一处较高的地点,然后折返。反复几次后,在较高的地方过夜。这种做法会促使人体制造更多红血球,是人体适应高原过程的一部分。
登山之乐乐无穷,吸引许多冒险家。借由注意高原反应的出现和采取预防措施,相信任何人都可以将不适与担心降到最低,一探山峦之美。
*图片源自摄图网
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